Notice

This document is for a development version of Ceph.

Repairing PG Inconsistencies

Sometimes a Placement Group (PG) might become inconsistent. To return the PG to an active+clean state, you must first determine which of the PGs has become inconsistent and then run the pg repair command on it. This page contains commands for diagnosing PGs and the command for repairing PGs that have become inconsistent.

Commands for Diagnosing PG Problems

The commands in this section provide various ways of diagnosing broken PGs.

To see a high-level (low-detail) overview of Ceph cluster health, run the following command:

ceph health detail

To see more detail on the status of the PGs, run the following command:

ceph pg dump --format=json-pretty

To see a list of inconsistent PGs, run the following command:

rados list-inconsistent-pg {pool}

To see a list of inconsistent RADOS objects, run the following command:

rados list-inconsistent-obj {pgid}

To see a list of inconsistent snapsets in a specific PG, run the following command:

rados list-inconsistent-snapset {pgid}

Commands for Repairing PGs

The form of the command to repair a broken PG is as follows:

ceph pg repair {pgid}

Here {pgid} represents the id of the affected PG.

For example:

ceph pg repair 1.4

Note

PG IDs have the form N.xxxxx, where N is the number of the pool that contains the PG. The command ceph osd listpools and the command ceph osd dump | grep pool return a list of pool numbers.

More Information on PG Repair

Ceph stores and updates the checksums of objects stored in the cluster. When a scrub is performed on a PG, the OSD attempts to choose an authoritative copy from among its replicas. Only one of the possible cases is consistent. After performing a deep scrub, Ceph calculates the checksum of an object that is read from disk and compares it to the checksum that was previously recorded. If the current checksum and the previously recorded checksum do not match, that mismatch is considered to be an inconsistency. In the case of replicated pools, any mismatch between the checksum of any replica of an object and the checksum of the authoritative copy means that there is an inconsistency. The discovery of these inconsistencies cause a PG’s state to be set to inconsistent.

The pg repair command attempts to fix inconsistencies of various kinds. If pg repair finds an inconsistent PG, it attempts to overwrite the digest of the inconsistent copy with the digest of the authoritative copy. If pg repair finds an inconsistent replicated pool, it marks the inconsistent copy as missing. In the case of replicated pools, recovery is beyond the scope of pg repair.

In the case of erasure-coded and BlueStore pools, Ceph will automatically perform repairs if osd_scrub_auto_repair (default false) is set to true and if no more than osd_scrub_auto_repair_num_errors (default 5) errors are found.

The pg repair command will not solve every problem. Ceph does not automatically repair PGs when they are found to contain inconsistencies.

The checksum of a RADOS object or an omap is not always available. Checksums are calculated incrementally. If a replicated object is updated non-sequentially, the write operation involved in the update changes the object and invalidates its checksum. The whole object is not read while the checksum is recalculated. The pg repair command is able to make repairs even when checksums are not available to it, as in the case of Filestore. Users working with replicated Filestore pools might prefer manual repair to ceph pg repair.

This material is relevant for Filestore, but not for BlueStore, which has its own internal checksums. The matched-record checksum and the calculated checksum cannot prove that any specific copy is in fact authoritative. If there is no checksum available, pg repair favors the data on the primary, but this might not be the uncorrupted replica. Because of this uncertainty, human intervention is necessary when an inconsistency is discovered. This intervention sometimes involves use of ceph-objectstore-tool.

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