==================== OS Recommendations ==================== Ceph Dependencies ================= As a general rule, we recommend deploying Ceph on newer releases of Linux. We also recommend deploying on releases with long-term support. Linux Kernel ------------ - **Ceph Kernel Client** If you are using the kernel client to map RBD block devices or mount CephFS, the general advice is to use a "stable" or "longterm maintenance" kernel series provided by either http://kernel.org or your Linux distribution on any client hosts. For RBD, if you choose to *track* long-term kernels, we recommend *at least* 4.19-based "longterm maintenance" kernel series. If you can use a newer "stable" or "longterm maintenance" kernel series, do it. For CephFS, see the section about `Mounting CephFS using Kernel Driver`_ for kernel version guidance. Older kernel client versions may not support your `CRUSH tunables`_ profile or other newer features of the Ceph cluster, requiring the storage cluster to be configured with those features disabled. For RBD, a kernel of version 5.3 or CentOS 8.2 is the minimum necessary for reasonable support for RBD image features. - **Ceph MS Windows Client** Ceph's MS Windows native client support is "best effort". There is no full-time maintainer. As of July 2025 there are no plans to remove this client but the future is uncertain. Platforms ========= The chart below shows the platforms for which Ceph provides packages, and the platforms on which Ceph has been tested. Ceph does not require a specific Linux distribution. Ceph can run on any distribution that includes a supported kernel and supported system startup framework, for example ``sysvinit`` or ``systemd``. Ceph is sometimes ported to non-Linux systems but these are not supported by the core Ceph effort. +---------------+---------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+ | | Reef (18.2.z) | Quincy (17.2.z) | Pacific (16.2.z) | Octopus (15.2.z) | +===============+===============+==================+==================+==================+ | Centos 7 | | | | B | +---------------+---------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+ | Centos 8 | | | | | +---------------+---------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+ | Centos 9 | A | A :sup:`1` | | | +---------------+---------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+ | Debian 10 | C | | C | C | +---------------+---------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+ | Debian 11 | C | C | C | | +---------------+---------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+ | OpenSUSE 15.2 | C | | C | C | +---------------+---------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+ | OpenSUSE 15.3 | C | C | | | +---------------+---------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+ | Ubuntu 18.04 | | | C | C | +---------------+---------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+ | Ubuntu 20.04 | A | A | A | A | +---------------+---------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+ | Ubuntu 22.04 | A | | | | +---------------+---------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+ - **A**: Ceph provides packages and has done comprehensive tests on the software in them. - **B**: Ceph provides packages and has done basic tests on the software in them. - **C**: Ceph provides packages only. No tests have been done on these releases. - **D**: Client packages are available from an external site but are not maintained or tested by the core Ceph team. - **1**: Testing has been done on Centos 9 starting on version 17.2.8 for Quincy. Container Hosts --------------- This table shows the operating systems that support Ceph's official container images. +---------------+---------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+ | | Reef (18.2.z) | Quincy (17.2.z) | Pacific (16.2.z) | Octopus (15.2.z) | +===============+===============+==================+==================+==================+ | Centos 7 | | | | | +---------------+---------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+ | Centos 8 | | | | | +---------------+---------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+ | Centos 9 | H | H | | | +---------------+---------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+ | Debian 10 | | | | | +---------------+---------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+ | Debian 11 | | | | | +---------------+---------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+ | OpenSUSE 15.2 | | | | | +---------------+---------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+ | OpenSUSE 15.3 | | | | | +---------------+---------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+ | Ubuntu 18.04 | | | | | +---------------+---------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+ | Ubuntu 20.04 | | | | | +---------------+---------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+ | Ubuntu 22.04 | H | | | | +---------------+---------------+------------------+------------------+------------------+ - **H**: Ceph tests this distribution as a container host. .. note:: **For Centos 7 Users** ``Btrfs`` is no longer tested on Centos 7 in the Octopus release. We recommend using ``bluestore`` instead. .. note:: See the list of QAed container hosts in the Ceph repository here: `List of Container Hosts `_. .. _CRUSH Tunables: ../../rados/operations/crush-map#tunables .. _Mounting CephFS using Kernel Driver: ../../cephfs/mount-using-kernel-driver#which-kernel-version